消费者群体隐性需求濡染扩散模式研究

在进行营销模式的本土化创新以及开创新的市场空间时，关注创新采用的隐性需求及其在关联需求网络中的扩散机制，对于洞察消费者隐性需求的层次，细分消费者的群体特征以及进行产品和市场创新均具有重要意义。     

Bartlett adjustments for systems of linear equations with linear restrictions

Simple matrix formulae are derived for calculating a Bartlett adjustment to the likelihood ratio test statistic for testing linear parameter restrictions in a system of linear equations. For the special case of column and/or row restrictions on the matrix of coefficients the adjustment is a simple function of matrix dimensions being invariant to sample observations and the error covariance matrix. An example of testing for homogeneity and symmetry in a demand system is given.     

供需因素博弈下常设机构利润归属方法的新思路

在传统物理经济中,囿于信息技术水平的限制,跨国企业生产经营活动以固定性、有形性、不易移动为特征,趋向于生产供应方向,且销售、市场等需求因素只是消极地提供单一消费市场,对于企业价值创造与营业利润的实现影响甚微。对此,贯彻以“以供应为基础”理论的功能独立实体法尚且能在居民国、来源国间合理划分常设机构的可归属利润。然而,经济数字化的蓬勃发展打破了国际税收原本的平衡状态,使得生产经营活动从物理固定性的桎梏中解脱,并促使消费者的消极消费行为转变为积极消费,同时,将其消费数据转变为企业生产经营所需的用户数据。而功能独立实体法在应对这一经济现状时的乏力以及对供需因素的考量失衡引起了广大数字消费市场国的诟病。要想真正实现税收与价值创造相一致、平衡参与各方复杂的利益博弈,有必要正确地认识数字经济商业模式下实现营业利润的各种贡献要素,并在此基础上寻求构建常设机构利润归属分配的合理方案。     

An experimental approach to valuing new differentiated products

An experimental store was created to evaluate initial demand for locally produced and guaranteed tender steak products as a more realistic alternative to contingent valuation (CV) and dichotomous-choice experimental methods. Strengths of the approach are incentive compatibility, a realistic consumption set, and a familiar choice environment. Consumers selected among USDA Choice, premium quality, lean, guaranteed tender and locaily produced strip steaks. A double-hurdle count data model indicated initial willingness-to-pay (WTP) for locally produced steak comparable to prior CV results, but demand was highly elastic. Demand for premium quality steak crowded out demand for the guaranteed tender product, contrasting with prior dichotomous-choice experimental results.     

A model of demand,productivity and foreign location decision among Taiwanese firms

We develop a theoretical framework to examine the relative importance of firm demand and productivity in firm decisions to export and where to locate foreign direct investments. The model shows that the equilibrium firm decision depends on product technology, consumer preference for product quality, fixed investment costs of establishing a foreign subsidiary, transportation costs and relative wages. Our empirical results confirm the predictions of the theoretical model. Firm-level demand and productivity components are important in explaining the decision to participate in foreign markets with their relative importance depending on the firm's organizational form (exports versus FDI) and the destination of the investments. In general, FDI firms are more productive than exporting firms regardless of FDI destinations. FDI firms also have a higher demand component than exporters and this demand component is stronger than productivity. Finally, among FDI firms, while those with a high demand index and productivity have a significantly higher propensity to invest in high-income countries, firm productivity is the sole determinant of firms undertaking FDI in low-income countries.     

北京大兴国际机场轨道交通专线延时运营方案设计研究

随着北京大兴国际机场夜间到港旅客量的增加,机场轨道交通运营时长已难以满足客运需求。为提升线路服务水平,延长夜间运营时间,同时减少运力浪费,需要平衡线路夜间客运需求、维检修需求及运营成本,制定延时运营方案。通过挖掘北京大兴国际机场及大兴机场线客流变化规律,分析线路夜间客运需求,结合大兴机场线夜间维检修要求,探讨延时运营对设备设施作业的影响,并进一步研究延时运营成本的构成以及成本计算方式。最后通过对比、分析不同的延时运营方案对夜间维修时间的影响、增开列次与路网换乘情况、运营成本的增加情况,提出当前大兴机场线宜采取上行单向延长运营30 min的方案,并结合大兴机场线实际情况设计线路延时运营阶段的列车运行方案。     

Poverty and fat consumption: Education poor or income poor?

In this paper, we question the role of added fats on health disparities in the French case and its policy implications. Since low-status populations are proven to have more nutritional pathologies, can we evidence fat consumption specificity in poor populations? We first verify the strong sensitivity of fat consumption to income and education, criteria which both characterize deprived populations. We estimate a demand system taking into account the selection issue. For this we propose a modification of the Shonkwiler and Yen's procedure which, unlike Heckman's, allows participation on every market of products to be controlled for. We use the latter procedure on a set of seven fat categories which have different, including opposite, health attributes. Our results show that segmentation following income and/or education essentially affects price elasticities. This offers different perspectives for health policies. Controlling fat consumption through prices appears easier among low-income households than among low-education households.     

新型农业经营主体农机作业服务的双重角色及其动态转变:一个初步的分析框架

近年来新型农业经营主体在发展壮大过程中围绕典型的农机作业服务,表现出从服务需求者向服务供给者转变的动态特征,但现有研究未将此双重角色置于统一的分析框架中,呈现着割裂的研究状态,缺乏对角色转变的逻辑阐释。鉴于此,本文在角色转变的动态视角之下,以农地经营规模变化表征新型农业经营主体的成长过程,通过分析新型农业经营主体在不同农地规模阶段购买和供给农机作业服务所面临的交易成本的变化及其影响,构建探寻双重角色的形成机制和转变逻辑的分析框架。     

高校科技成果转化问题及对策研究——基于经济学视角

近些年我国在高校科技成果转化方面取得了一些成绩,但是从客观上来说,目前我国高校科技成果转化率还很低。本文以经济学最基础的供需理论为分析框架,通过分析目前高校科技成果转化存在的问题、症结,提出解决高校科技成果转化问题主要着力点为均衡各方利益诉求问题,结合政府干预和市场自行调节,实现科技成果加速转化。